Thirty spokes converge on the wheel's hub. But the center emptiness of the hole which allows the wheel to function.

We make a vessel from a lump of clay; It is the empty space within the vessel that makes it useful.

We cut out doors and windows to make a house; and it's on inner spaces where there's nothing that the usefulness of the house depends.

Thus, while the tangible has advantages, It is the intangible that is for usefulness.useful.

 第十一章用無(wú)利有

三十輻，共一轂，當(dāng)其無(wú)，有車(chē)之用。埏埴以為器，當(dāng)其無(wú)，有器之用。鑿戶(hù)牖以為室，當(dāng)其無(wú)，有室之用。故有之以為利，無(wú)之以為用。

[譯文]

三十根輻條連接一個(gè)車(chē)轂之上, 有了車(chē)轂中空的部分，才有車(chē)的使用。和泥制成器皿，也恰恰是由于有器皿其中空部分，才有器皿的使用。建造房屋，開(kāi)鑿門(mén)窗，亦是由于門(mén)窗及四壁構(gòu)成的空間，才有房屋供人使用。

因此，顯現(xiàn)有形的宇宙萬(wàn)物給人帶來(lái)便利，而無(wú)形的空才是獲得使用價(jià)值的基礎(chǔ)。